專題文章：如何在CentOS 6和CentOS 7或CentOS 8上安裝PHP 5.4、5.5、5.6或7.3、7.4、8.0版本
160427
次閱讀
我們為目前線上客戶安裝的Linux都是CentOs發行版，是一套穩定、同時也是許多企業正在運行的版本。
在CentOs所採用的PHP版本較為保守，可以看到如下評論(taken from DistroWatch) CentOS is a bit outdated with it’s PHP versions which as a PHP developer can be a pain in the ass!
如何在CentOS 6和CentOS 7或CentOS 8上安裝PHP 5.4、5.5、5.6或7.3、7.4、8.0版本
| PHP Current Version | CentOS 8.3.2011 | CentOS 7.9.2009 | CentOS 6.10 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8.0.9 | 7.2.34 | 5.4.45 | 5.3.3 |
現在我們可以利用另一個Linux發行版本Fedora的project來改善PHP版本問題。我們需要補充兩個Repos。首先我們需要EPEL 再來需要Remi 。
Repo設置
先確認您的伺服器已經打開SSH通道，然後執行下面指令(您需要有執行指令的權限，如果有必要建議使用root操作，或是sudo):
在CentOS 8下(啟用 REMI 和 EPEL)
dnf install dnf-utilshttp://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/remi-release-8.rpm或
wgethttps://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/8/Everything/x86_64/Packages/e/epel-release-8-8.el8.noarch.rpm wgethttps://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/remi-release-8.rpm rpm -Uvh remi-release-8*.rpm epel-release-8*.rpm
在CentOS 8下查看可用的PHP版本
dnf module list php
啟用PHP 7.3(如果要使用REMI的PHP可以將7.3改remi-8.0)
dnf module enable php:7.3
在CentOS 7下(包含安裝EPEL)
wgethttp://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/x86_64/Packages/e/epel-release-7-13.noarch.rpm wgethttp://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/remi-release-7.rpm rpm -Uvh remi-release-7*.rpm epel-release-7*.rpm
如果您原本就已經裝過EPEL則執行下面指令：
wgethttp://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/remi-release-7.rpm rpm -Uvh remi-release-7*.rpm
在CentOS 6下(包含安裝EPEL)
wgethttp://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm wgethttp://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/remi-release-6.rpm rpm -Uvh remi-release-6*.rpm epel-release-6*.rpm
如果您原本就已經裝過EPEL則執行下面指令：
wgethttp://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/remi-release-6.rpm rpm -Uvh remi-release-6*.rpm
啟動程式庫(Repo,repository)
進行到目前為止，我們需要確認程式庫有被啟動，同時選訂我們想要安裝的版本。 We need to head over to /etc/yum.repos.d you should inside see a file called remi.repo.
使用您喜好的編輯器(Nano、Pico、Vi ...etc)開啟remi.repo這隻檔案，您將看到一部份參數。我們需要確認第一階段[remi]是啟用狀態。
[remi] name=Les RPM de remi pour Enterprise Linux 6 - $basearch #baseurl=http://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/6/remi/$basearch/ mirrorlist=http://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/6/remi/mirror enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-remi
這一行enabled=1確認要設定！在技術上現在是可以繼續進行PHP安裝，但是將只會取得PHP 5.4.X版本。這如果不是你要的，那麼跳到下一步驟！
If we want PHP 5.5 or PHP 5.6 we need to do a bit more work, further down in the repo.repo file you will see two additional sections [remi-php55] and [remi-php56], decide which PHP version you want to install and then enable the correct. So for PHP 5.6 we would change to:
[remi-php56] name=Les RPM de remi de PHP 5.6 pour Enterprise Linux 6 - $basearch #baseurl=http://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/6/php56/$basearch/ mirrorlist=http://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/6/php56/mirror # WARNING: If you enable this repository, you must also enable "remi" enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-remi
Once you made your changes save your modified file and quit your editor.
如何將CentOS 7的PHP升級到7.0或7.1或7.2或7.3或7.4
使用文字編輯器開啟【remi-php70.repo】或【remi-php71.repo】或【remi-php72.repo】或【remi-php73.repo】或【remi-php74.repo】將想要安裝的PHP enabled即可。# This repository only provides PHP 7.1 and its extensions # NOTICE: common dependencies are in "remi-safe" [remi-php71] name=Remi's PHP 7.1 RPM repository for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch #baseurl=http://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/7/php71/$basearch/ #mirrorlist=https://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/7/php71/httpsmirror mirrorlist=http://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/7/php71/mirror enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-remi [remi-php71-debuginfo] name=Remi's PHP 7.1 RPM repository for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch - debuginfo baseurl=http://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/7/debug-php71/$basearch/ enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-remi [remi-php71-test] name=Remi's PHP 7.1 test RPM repository for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch #baseurl=http://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/7/test71/$basearch/ #mirrorlist=https://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/7/test71/httpsmirror mirrorlist=http://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/7/test71/mirror enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-remi [remi-php71-test-debuginfo] name=Remi's PHP 7.1 test RPM repository for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch - debuginfo baseurl=http://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/7/debug-test71/$basearch/ enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-remi
Installing PHP
Now I’m assuming you don’t already have PHP installed, this bit is super simple.
sudo yum install php php-gd php-mysql php-mcrypt php-mbstring
sudo yum install php71 php71-php-gd php71-php-mysql php71-php-mcrypt php71-php-mbstring
So the above assumes you want MySQL, GD and Mcrypt support in your PHP, but you should see something like the below depending on which version of PHP you are trying to install:
================================================================================================================================ Package Arch Version Repository Size ================================================================================================================================ Installing: php x86_64 5.5.20-2.el6.remi remi-php55 2.6 M php-gd x86_64 5.5.20-2.el6.remi remi-php55 72 k php-mysqlnd x86_64 5.5.20-2.el6.remi remi-php55 3.6 M Installing for dependencies: php-cli x86_64 5.5.20-2.el6.remi remi-php55 3.7 M php-common x86_64 5.5.20-2.el6.remi remi-php55 1.0 M php-pdo x86_64 5.5.20-2.el6.remi remi-php55 112 k php-pear noarch 1:1.9.5-3.el6.remi remi 375 k php-pecl-jsonc x86_64 1.3.6-1.el6.remi.5.5.1 remi-php55 47 k php-pecl-zip x86_64 1.12.4-1.el6.remi.5.5 remi-php55 269 k php-process x86_64 5.5.20-2.el6.remi remi-php55 57 k php-xml x86_64 5.5.20-2.el6.remi remi-php55 208 k Transaction Summary ================================================================================================================================ Install 11 Package(s)
As you can see PHP is installing version 5.5.20-2.el6.remi from the remi-php55 repo! Once you have hit Y to confirm the install restart apache and magical unicorns you have a better version of PHP!
You can also change your mind in the future by going back into the remi.repo file and enable a different PHP version and then run yum update and if you have moved from 5.5 to 5.6 it will upgrade PHP for you. If you want to downgrade for any reason you will need to remove PHP (sudo yum remove php*) and then reinstall the PHP modules you want.
相關VI編輯器操作筆記
在putty下輸入
vi /etc/yum.repos.d/remi.repo
會打開/etc/yum.repos.d/remi.repo檔
此時是處於 c-mode 模式下，無法輸入文字，按「a」鍵，轉為 i-mode模式，即可開始進行修改，同時可以看到左下角提示「INSERT」，表示現在正在 i-mode 可修改模式下。
改完按「Esc」鍵，由i-mode修改模式回到c-mode指令模式，接著按冒號「:」進入命令列模式，此時左下角會出現冒號與閃爍游標，此時可以在冒號後輸入以下指令：
w: 存檔（write）。注意在編輯過程中所有內容只存在暫存器裡，必須在 c-mode 下了這個「:w」指令才會存檔。
e: 重新編輯（edit）。
q: 退出（quit），如果檔案經過修改而沒有存檔，會出現錯誤訊息：鍵入「:q!」強制退出 （此次作的修改會流失）
cat /etc/redhat-release
cat /proc/version
rpm -q centos-release檢查硬碟使用量
df